Gockel or Göckel is a surname. Notable people with the name include:
Anja Gockel (born 1968), German fashion designer
Eberhard Gockel (1636–1703), German physician
Johann Gockel-Ehrlich (1896–1938), Austrian communist and activist
Johannes Göckel (1886–1960), Dutch gymnast
Paul Gockel (born 1965), Australian swimmer
Rudolph Gockel (or Goclenius; 1547–1628), German scholastic philosopher
Wolfgang Gockel (1945–2005), German archaeologist
Sigrid Metz-Göckel (born 1940), German sociologist, political scientist and social psychologist
